campbell



NA PEERS. PHDTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

LUTHER W. CAMPBELL, or Annone, ILLINOIS.

.team Para No. 63,914, med Mai-ch 19, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT In STEAM esnr'nrrons.

To ALL WHoM rr MAY ooNoERN;

Be it known that I, LUTHER W. CAMPBELL, of Aurora, Kane county, State of Illinois, have invented a new and improved Generator for Superheating Steam; and I de hereby declare that the following is arfull, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in whichv d Figure 1 is a side view of augenerator arranged l'within a furnace, which is shown in section.-

Figure 2 is a front elevation of a furnace containing the generator. l

Figure 3 is an enlarged transverse section taken through thegenerator at the point indicated by red line J1 :c in iig. 1. i

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken through g. 3 in .the plane y y. v

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken longitudinally through the feed-water regulator and connecting pipes.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding. parts in the several figures.

One of the methods hitherto adopted of making superheated steam consists in subjecting water in' spray directly to the action of highly heated plates, which produce an instantaneous transformation of the water,

accompanied by sudden shocks and concussions. This method is not only injurious and destructive to the generotors, but it is highly dangerous to life and property. s s

The object of my invention is to overcome the objections 'and the danger attending the above method of makingsuperheated steam by arranging within a strong metallic shell or generator of a suitable sizeor shape, which is exposed to thc direct heat of a furnace, a receiving-chamber within which the water dowing from the tank is introduced and converted into common or saturated steam, which steam then escapes into the outer chamber, where it is Jreheated and converted into superheated steam, thus effecting lthe object in view by a slower and less dangerous process lthan hitherto, as will be hereinafterdescribed. s

To enablevothers skilled in the art fto 'understand my invention, I will, describe its construction and operation. i

In the accompanying drawings, A represents the furnace and covering of brick or other suitable material constructed in shape and forn1,in connection with the generator or series of generators, so as to obtain the proper draught and heating space. I prefer the plan and form represented, butvdo not-'confine myself to such form. B is the grate, C interiorl chamber of furnace, Crash-pit, and D a superheater, which latter is made in tho form of a globe, of cast iron or other suitable material. `I make this superheater D thickest at the bottom, where it comes more direct-ly in contact with the tire, to compensate as far as possible for the expansion and contraction of the metal, and to render the saine as nearly equable as possible by this means. This superA heater is constructed with hollowbearings on its sides, and has an elevation on topconnecting with a steam dome, which latter maybe, as shown, elongated so as tol connecttwo or more generators together to increase capacity and power. The hollow bearings should have suitable heads applied steam-tight to them.. The connection between the-upper part ofthe supcrhcater and the steanrdoiuc should also be made'steam-tight by means of the hanged joint, shown iu'tig. 3.

Eis a receiver, inside of the-superhea'tcr or shell of the generator, which is made-.otl copper or iron of any` suitable thickness, and of two parts, one part inside of the other, andso far apart'as to form a steam leg'or steam conductor. These two parts of the receiver are confined together by stay=bo1tsg the inner part has a bottom, but no top, and the outer part has a top, but no bottom, which top is bolted on sozthat it can be removed whendesired. A I make the receiver by bending two sheets of metal into a tubular form, one being larger than the other, so as to leave a space for the passage of steam between them when they are put together. The inner tube has a dished bottom riveted to it, and made water-tight. The outer tube has a top boltedon and made steam-tight The outer tube is then'placed over the inner one, and the two properly secured together by staybolts, as stated. i

This receiver arranged within the generator, and supported free from its bottom by means of lugs, pins, or bolts, whichever may be found most convenient. y

There is also extending below, and suitably connected to the inner lining ofthe receiver, a cup or drip-pan for-the purpose of arresting any water which may drip from' the receiver, and preventing it from falling. upon the heated vwall of the globe or generator; Tailso'toifenable the attendant to detect any overflow', -and by. ineans of the blow-oil` pipe to at once eject the same. This cup is so constructed as toextend beyondtheoutelr lining of the receiver. Below this cup is a space of' suficient size to admit under it apipe4 for ejecting any water which might flow upon the generator bottom. I

This receiver is constructed as described,so that the saturated steam generated therein, and rising to its top, may be conducted overthe top of the inner lining down through the steam passage between the two parts of the receiver to the more heated surface at the bottom of the generator where the nal superheating process takes place. The steam .thus reheated rises on vthe outside ofthe receiver to the dome or upper part ofthe generator ready for use. i

F represents a feed-water pipe connecting the water tank with the receiver. This pipe passes steam-tight through the head of the hollow bearing on one side of the generator to the receiver; and also steam-tight through both parts of this receiver E, turning upward. tbereim'and terminati-ng at the top thereof in the centre of an inverted cone or cup, which will divide the water discharged from said pipe into a thin sheet 'and cause it lto fall in spray until it reaches the bottom of the receiver'. F? is theinverted cone above described.v A G is a blow-olf pipe to blow oil the sediment which may collect .in the bottom of the inner partof 'the receiver E. H is the blow-otfpipe leading from the bottom of the generator. o I is a similar V'pipe leading from the drip cupunder the receiver E. K is a steam pipe for conveying steam from the `dome to the engine cylinder. L common safetyvalve, and M is the smoke pipe leading from the crown of the furnace.. i

I will now proceed to describe the feed-water regulator, which is a material part of the invention, andby which the most advantageous results can alone be attainedf. i i y I make the'feed-water regulator as represented'in the drawings with a loaded valve and overflow, so that at a given pressure the water may overflow and return to the tank. I also provide suitable stop-cocks between the regulator and the generator for4 the' purpose o f regulating ythe feed. This device enables the operator to run with a full pump, the, surplus water overflowing and passing back by suitable conductors to the tank. I employ an ordinary forcing-pump, regulated bythe stop-cocks and feed-water regulator, asiaforesaid. F

represents the feed pipes'as they connect with the stop-cocksg force-pump, (not showin) and feed-water regulatori O passage way leading to'overtlow. P aloaded valve. Q overflow pipe. R valve-stem attached to the loaded -lever.' S is the valve-chamber, from which 'water iiows into the pipe Q when the valve I is raised.l TT are stop-cocks for gauging the'fecd for the supply of water to the receiver E.

I will now describe the operation, which is Aas follows: The proper degree of heat being obtained, the force pump is started, and the water-feed gauged by the cocks T to the requisitequantity; the water enters the genes rator through thepipe F in the direction-'indicated by the arrows in fig. 3, and runs with a full pump, which the regulator enables the operator to do. -v The water isconducted by means of pipe F into the generator and conveyed to the top of the receiver where it meets theA cone and cap Fl, and is cau-sed to fall in a thin sheet and spray to the bottom of the receiver, or is transformed into saturated steam, the more rareed particles of which rise' through the mist and spray forced downby the inverted cone. and cup to the top of the receiver, when they pass down the passage between the two parts of the receiver, and escape `therefrom into the' generating or super heating chamber. Here the saturated steam is reheated and conducted oii' for use.

When the pressure on thesai'ety-valve is abovethe pressure on the water-valve, the water will stop fe'edingand the safety-valve will relieve itself at the pressure indicated by the external weight upon it, an'd when thispresss ure falls below thewater-valve, the feedwill go on as before, making the generator absolutely s'elfregulating.

I will further state that with a generator constructed substantially as explained, with 'a suitable condenser, spirits or alcohol might be 'used toadvantage in place of water in cases of long distances where water might be diilicult or impossible to obtain, as the spiritsor alcohol could be used over andfover until exhausted lby leakage Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;

1. The receiver for water or other liquid constructed and arranged, operating inside of asuperheating steam generator which is exposed directly tothe re, substantially as and for the'purpose explained.

2. receiver E'colnstructed` so as to forni two or more parts, combining an inner lining and an outer jacket, the lining having no top, and the outer jacket no bottom, with a space between them of suitable capacity to form a steam passage, substantially as described. I p

3. The combination of the receiver E, the cone or cap F1, and the feed-water pipe F, with a superheater, substantially as described. V

4. -The 'receiver E, with the blow-olf pipe G, -in combination with the sunerheater v D, substantially as described.

5. The receiver E, in combination with the cup E', 4and the blow-olf pipe I, substantially as described.

6. In combination with the superheating steam generator constructed toopcratc substantially as described,' I claim the feedwater regulator, operating substantially as explained. p

' LUTHER w. CAMPBELL.

Witnesses W. SHEPARDsoN, JOY TARBLE. 

